Certificate of occupancy
A certificate of occupancy is a document from the local building authority confirming that a building complies with the approved plans and code, and may be lawfully used.
A certificate of occupancy is a document from the local building authority confirming that a building complies with the approved plans and code, and may be lawfully used.
Definition
Many places require a certificate of occupancy, sometimes called a CO, before people can legally live or work in a new or changed building. It follows final inspections.
A plain example
Illustrative example: a contractor finishes a new office fit-out and the authority carries out its final inspections. Once they pass, it issues the certificate and the tenant can move in.
Why it matters
Without it, a building may not be lawful to occupy, and lenders, insurers and buyers often ask for it.
Common confusion
It is not a building permit. A permit allows work to start. The certificate confirms the finished work is acceptable for use. Substantial completion is also a contract term, not a legal approval.
On a project
Find out early which inspections and documents the authority needs, and plan the schedule so the final inspection is not left to the last day.
Quick answers
- Is a certificate of occupancy the same as a permit? No. A permit allows work. The certificate confirms the finished building may be occupied.
- Who issues it? The local building authority.
- Do renovations need one? Sometimes. It depends on local rules.
Related terms
Always check the project drawings and specification, and confirm requirements with the engineer of record and the local authority.
Questions people ask
Is a certificate of occupancy the same as a permit?
No. A permit allows work. The certificate confirms the finished building may be occupied.
Who issues it?
The local building authority.
Do renovations need one?
Sometimes. It depends on local rules.
Sources and further reading
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