Sill plate
The sill plate is the horizontal timber bolted to the top of the foundation that the wall framing sits on.
The sill plate is the horizontal timber bolted to the top of the foundation that the wall framing sits on.
Definition
The sill plate, also called the mudsill, is the lowest piece of the wood frame. It is fixed to the foundation and receives the studs or floor joists.
A plain example
Illustrative example only: a treated plank is laid on a gasket over the stem wall, drilled over the anchor bolts, and fastened with washers and nuts before framing starts.
Why it matters
It is the link between the foundation and the frame. Resistance to uplift and sliding depends on how well it is fastened.
Common confusion
It is not the same as the top plate, which caps the wall at the other end. A window sill is also a different thing.
On a project
Confirm the preservative treatment where wood touches concrete, the anchor spacing and any sill gasket in the drawings.
Quick answers
- Why is the sill plate treated? Wood in contact with concrete can take up moisture, so rot-resistant material is normally required.
- How is it fixed down? With anchor bolts or approved connectors at the spacing in the plan or code.
- Is a gasket needed? Many designs add one to reduce air and moisture leakage; follow the specification.
Related terms
Always check the project drawings and specification, and confirm requirements with the engineer of record and the local authority.
Questions people ask
Why is the sill plate treated?
Wood in contact with concrete can take up moisture, so rot-resistant material is normally required.
How is it fixed down?
With anchor bolts or approved connectors at the spacing in the plan or code.
Is a gasket needed?
Many designs add one to reduce air and moisture leakage; follow the specification.
Sources and further reading
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