Rafter
A rafter is a sloping roof framing member that runs from the ridge or a hip down to the wall.
A rafter is a sloping roof framing member that runs from the ridge or a hip down to the wall.
Definition
A rafter is an inclined beam that supports the roof deck. Rafters run from the ridge down to the top of the exterior wall and often extend past it to form the eave.
A plain example
Illustrative example only: rafters are cut at a stated pitch, set at a stated spacing, and tied by ceiling joists or collar ties so the walls are not pushed outward.
Why it matters
Rafters carry roof, snow and wind load. How they are tied determines whether the roof spreads the walls apart over time.
Common confusion
A rafter is built on site from individual boards. A truss is a pre-engineered assembly that does the same job with a web of members.
On a project
Use the span table or engineering stamp that matches the species, grade, spacing and local snow and wind loads.
Quick answers
- Rafter or truss? Rafters allow an open attic and on-site cutting; trusses are factory-made and span further with less lumber.
- What stops the walls spreading? Ceiling joists, collar ties or a structural ridge beam as designed.
- What spacing is normal? It varies by design; follow the plan or span table.
Related terms
Always check the project drawings and specification, and confirm requirements with the engineer of record and the local authority.
Questions people ask
Rafter or truss?
Rafters allow an open attic and on-site cutting; trusses are factory-made and span further with less lumber.
What stops the walls spreading?
Ceiling joists, collar ties or a structural ridge beam as designed.
What spacing is normal?
It varies by design; follow the plan or span table.
Sources and further reading
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